The Jarisch-Herxheimer response (JHR) is an acute inflammatory response that may happen after antimicrobial therapy of spirochetal infections, and it may possibly result in organ dysfunction. Nonetheless, no established animal mannequin exists for investigating its pathophysiology. On this research, feminine golden Syrian hamsters have been experimentally contaminated with Leptospira interrogans and handled with aminobenzylpenicillin (ABPC) to judge antibiotic-associated physiological and immunological adjustments. Important indicators have been monitored beneath anesthesia, and a JHR-like response (JHR-LR) was operationally outlined as a marked change in coronary heart fee occurring completely after antimicrobial administration. Bacterial burden, cytokine expression, and histopathological findings have been analyzed. In vitro macrophage stimulation assays have been additionally carried out. Transient tachycardia was noticed in a subset of contaminated hamsters following ABPC administration, most ceaselessly at 5 days post-infection. This response was accompanied by elevated IL-6 and IP-10/CXCL10 mRNA expression within the blood and enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of leptospires within the liver and spleen. In vitro, antibiotic-killed leptospires induced considerably larger IL-6 manufacturing in macrophages than dwell micro organism. Importantly, regardless of comparable bacterial burdens, marked JHR-LR happens predominantly in animals with preserved physique weight, suggesting that host physiological situations relatively than bacterial load alone affect the event of this response. These findings present preliminary proof that hamsters could develop antibiotic-associated inflammatory responses resembling JHR and help the utility of this mannequin for future mechanistic research.
Key phrases:
Antimicrobial remedy; Cytokine response; Hamster mannequin; Jarisch–Herxheimer response; Leptospira interrogans.
