High Cholesterol: Lipfendra, Inclisiran, New Guidelines Explained

• A new analysis found that the twice-yearly cholesterol medication inclisiran reduced LDL cholesterol by 49% more than placebo.
• The FDA approved Lipfendra, the first oral PCSK9 inhibitor for adults with high LDL cholesterol.
• Updated cholesterol guidelines suggest more than half of U.S. adults may now be eligible for statin therapy.

New medications and updated guidelines are changing how high cholesterol is treated.

A systematic review and meta-analysis published in JACC: Advances on July 22 found that a new twice-yearly therapy may substantially reduce LDL cholesterol levels.

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) also approved the groundbreaking cholesterol medication Lipfendra on July 16. This new drug helped lower people’s LDL cholesterol by nearly 60%.

The American Heart Association (AHA), American College of Cardiology (ACC), and several other medical organizations introduced new guidelines for the management and screening of high cholesterol earlier in 2026. Studies on the impacts of these guidelines found that over 50% of adults in the United States may now be eligible for statins.

Here’s a closer look at what these developments could mean for cholesterol care.

On July 16, the FDA approved Lipfendra (enlicitide), the first oral PCSK9 inhibitor for adults with high LDL cholesterol. The once-daily pill can be used in addition to or instead of statins.

In the two clinical trials supporting the approval, Lipfendra lowered LDL cholesterol by about 56% after 24 weeks in one study and 59% in the other.

While the trials evaluated Lipfendra’s ability to lower LDL cholesterol, they did not examine whether the drug reduces the risk of heart attack or stroke. However, the FDA previously told Healthline that it accepts reductions in LDL cholesterol as a validated surrogate marker for lower cardiovascular risk.

In an earlier interview with Healthline, Yu-Ming Ni, MD, a cardiologist and lipidologist at MemorialCare Heart and Vascular Institute at Orange Coast Medical Center in Fountain Valley, CA, pointed to decades of research supporting LDL cholesterol as a meaningful marker of cardiovascular risk.

“We have tons of data showing that the lower the cholesterol you go, the lower your risk for heart disease,” he said.

Earlier this year, the American Heart Association (AHA), American College of Cardiology (ACC), and several other medical organizations released updated cholesterol guidelines that recommend treating high cholesterol earlier, measuring lipoprotein(a) at least once to help identify inherited heart disease risk, and using a newer risk calculator to better estimate cardiovascular risk.

The guidelines also set lower LDL (“bad”) cholesterol targets for people at higher risk of heart disease and encourage treatment decisions based on individual risk factors and imaging when appropriate.

Three recent studies examined the impact of those recommendations.

One study, published in JAMA, found that approximately 56.6% of U.S. adults ages 30 to 79—about 87.5 million people—are now eligible for statin therapy under the updated guidelines. That includes 21.5 million adults who would not have qualified under the previous 2018 recommendations.

Another study found substantial gaps in cholesterol treatment, with more than three-quarters of high-risk adults without cardiovascular disease and one-third of those with existing heart disease not receiving recommended therapy.

A third study found that the updated PREVENT risk calculator reclassified about 21.5% of adults into different cardiovascular risk categories. About two-thirds moved into lower-risk categories, while one-third moved into higher-risk categories.