Jupiter is mostly an atmosphere wrapped around a comparatively small heavy-element interior. That familiar description conceals a severe timing problem. Hydrogen and helium are plentiful around a newborn star, but only while its planet-forming disc survives. Once that gas has accreted on to the star or escaped in jets and winds, a growing planet cannot…

Rock glaciers look very totally different from standard glaciers. As an alternative of uncovered ice, they resemble sprawling fields of unfastened rock, whereas doubtlessly concealing giant portions of ice under the floor. These formations are widespread throughout Utah’s Wasatch and Uinta ranges and can be discovered on the Colorado Plateau within the La Sal Mountains…